Kai and Callum

“When you do a 12 hour night shift at Gate Camp you have to keep yourself awake somehow; I try and read my books for university” 

Kai, 20, and Callum, 22, are a couple who met at Maple Farm Camp. “I was doing a photo project during the summer when I stumbled across this,” says Kai, gesturing to Callum. “I thought, ‘he is nice to take pictures of.’” The two now share a tent in Maple Farm’s backfield. 

Every Wednesday the couple take the night shift at Gate Camp; for 12 hours they sit and monitor Cuadrilla’s activities in and out of the main gate. Kai is studying a BA in Photography at Blackpool and the Fylde College and stays awake by reading. “When I was by myself I used to get panicky with my coursework: topics and big words that I did not understand,” she says. “But, living in this community, I can just ask someone and chat through it. I find it a lot easier.” Kai’s mum brought her to the site for the first time. “She wanted to come down, but she is quite ill and needs help walking. She was anxious so I was like I’ll come too,” says Kai. “The next week she didn’t come; she got really ill. So I came down by myself, and again the week after that, and I just never really left.” 

Both feel disillusioned with the preoccupations of many people their age. “When you are protesting something like this, a lot of conversation can seem quite pointless – talking about I’m a Celebrity, Love Island etc.” says Callum, whose mum, Katerina Lawrie, is also a resident of the Maple Farm Camp. “I got really passionate about it very quickly,” says Kai. “I had a big group of friends and none of them understood at all.”

ootill himself has had a number of run-ins with the police. On the gates of Maple Farm Camp, a collection of large signs denounce fracking and the myriad dangers associated with it. In 2016, Fylde Borough Council sought to prosecute Tootill for unauthorised advertising. The case was dropped by the Council once his barrister disclosed to the court that the decision to prosecute him was made by Fylde borough councillors who had received money from Cuadrilla. He has been arrested twice: once for obstructing the road, and again for obstructing a police officer during an anti-fracking protest. The charges were dropped for both cases. “One of the reasons I was targeted by the police is because I am a local businessman,” he says. “I am seen as the face of respectability; that is not the face that industry and the government want showing opposition to them. And I have made my opposition very, very clear.” 

Cuadrilla’s activities at Preston New Road have polarised the local community. “Cuadrilla has worked on this community for years: they have splashed money around, to all sorts of organisations: sports programmes, football and rugby clubs, schools, village halls, the list goes on,” says Tootill. “Many local people are frightened to show opposition to what is being imposed on them.” But, Tootill has remained dedicated to the fight. “The sooner that this dirty, reckless industry packs up and goes, the sooner I can get on with normal life,” he says. “Stopping it here will empower people to stand up for their communities in other places where the industry is trying to get a hold.”

Anne Power 

“I am very prone to get angry; that saves me from getting scared” 

“I did not realise that this was going to change my life so fully,” says Anne Power, 87, who made headlines when police dragged her across Preston New Road outside the fracking site after she refused to move from the entrance “I have got to 87 [she was 85 at the time] without ever being injured on the road; I know how to manage things for heaven’s sake.” Anne’s grandfather was a policeman. He died after sustaining injuries while saving children from an oncoming cyclist. “I had such a respect for the police,” she says. This is no longer the case.  

Anne has been demonstrating against fracking for five years. At least twice a week she drives back-and-forth, between the site and her home in Manchester. Often, she travels through the night to ferry people from site to site. Last summer, 2017, she spent four nights in her car on the roadside, just beside Preston New Road. A group of protectors built two towers at the gate. “I was watching while I was dozing; I couldn’t tell whether they had built it on the bonnet of my car or not.” 

“I have done things that I would have never expected,” says Anne, who originally, if not reluctantly, trained as a teacher. Disillusioned by the curriculum, she retrained as a personal counsellor and started her own practice in 1981 in a small cottage in the hills of Lancashire. That same year she joined the Green Party. “My life dovetailed in that way: I found a political philosophy for the first time and a personal philosophy that really suited me.” Today, Anne devotes the bottom floor of her house to the activities of Party members. “I got involved in the fracking resistance because it started at Barton Moss, very near to where I live.” she says. “I had just moved house and had the stair carpet laid. I went to an anti-fracking meeting in Eccles; the next day I went to the protest camp and from then I was just there every day, relentlessly. I never finished moving into my house.” This year, Anne has, in her own words: “focused on making more of a nest for herself.”

Produced by Studio 1854 & the British Journal of Photography.

Rhiannon Adam’s photo story – Fractured Stories – is a British Journal of Photography commission supported by Ecotricity.

Biography

James Nachtwey is born in 1948 in Syracuse in the State of New York (USA). He studied the history of art and political science at Dartmouth College from 1966 to 1970. In 1976, he worked as a photojournalist for a newspaper in New Mexico and then, in 1980, he moved to New York as a freelance photographer for various magazines. It is from 1981 that James Nachtwey will devote themselves entirely to photograph the war and social unrest Major. It covers the conflicts in the world, convinced that the awareness of the public remains essential to cause the change, and the photographs of war disseminated by the media can trigger a real consciousness to act in favor of peace.

In Europe, it documents the breakup of the former Yugoslavia, the war in Chechnya and the civil unrest in Northern Ireland. In Africa, it photography the genocide in Rwanda, the famine which becomes a “weapon of mass destruction” in Somalia and Sudan and the struggle for the Emancipation in South Africa. It documents the civil wars which gobble up Central America in the years 1980, El Salvador in Nicaragua in passing by Guatemala, as well as the invasion of Panama by the United States. In the Middle East, it covers the conflict Israeli-Palestinian since more than twenty years as well as the civil wars in Lebanon and, more recently, the war in Iraq, where a grenade explosion wounded him. It begins to work in Afghanistan during the years 1980, photographing the resistance in the face of the Soviet occupation, then the Afghan civil war and the offensive against the Taliban in 2001. In 2010, he shot military fighting Americans in the Helmand, Province in the south of Afghanistan. Elsewhere in Asia, it documents the guerrillas in combat in Sri Lanka and the Philippines as well as the bloody repression military against demonstrators in Bangkok in 2010. It has recently testified to the refugee crisis in Europe, the earthquake in Nepal and the “war against drugs” to the extrajudicial Philippines.

The photographs of James Nachtwey are included in the permanent collections of the Museum of Modern Art and the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Getty Museum in Los Angeles, the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, the National Library of France or even of the Center Pompidou. Its images have been the subject of numerous personal exhibitions in the world. It has been invited to present his work at several international events, including the TED Talks, the Conference Bill and Melinda Gates Grand Challenges, the Pacific Health Summit, the World Conference on Tuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro, the annual meeting of the Young President’s Organization in Sydney and, on the occasion of the World Day of Peace in 2011, before the International Olympic Committee. The title of Doctor Honoris Causa is awarded by four American universities, including the Dartmouth College, which has recently acquired the whole of the archives of his work.